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1.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 17(5): 263-267, May. 2021. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211929

RESUMO

Antecedentes: El ácido úrico se ha relacionado con la tendencia de precipitarse para formar cristales, que se presenta desde manera asintomática hasta con artritis, tofos o litiasis renal. Con anterioridad, se ha asociado la hiperuricemia asintomática a la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular. Objetivos: Determinar la asociación de enfermedad arterial coronaria compleja en pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática. Material y métodos: Se realizó estudio observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, unicéntrico. En un hospital de tercer nivel de México, en el periodo comprendido de junio del 2017 a marzo del 2019. Se incluyó a todos los pacientes que ingresaron para realizar angiografía coronaria; se excluyó a los pacientes con gota, uso de diuréticos y enfermedad renal crónica. Resultados: Durante el periodo del estudio se seleccionó a un total de 300 pacientes, de los cuales 40% presentaron hiperuricemia. Los pacientes con hiperuricemia eran de mayor edad (59 vs. 63; p = 0,002). El grupo de pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática tuvo mayor proporción de lesiones coronarias complejas (64 vs. 35%; p ≤ 0,0001), así como también mayor puntuación del SYNTAX I score (27 vs. 17; p ≤ 0,001). Hubo mayor probabilidad de presentar lesiones coronarias complejas en este grupo de pacientes (OR 3,4; p ≤ 0,0001). Además, en la división por grupos de nivel de ácido úrico, se relacionaba con la presencia de lesiones coronarias complejas (Q1 = 0,5; p = 0,06); (Q2 = 2; p = 0,01) y (Q3 = 3; p ≤ 0,0001). Conclusión: Los pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática tienen mayor riesgo de presentar lesiones coronarias complejas.(AU)


Background: Uric acid has been related to a tendency to precipitate to form crystals, presenting asymptomatically, until the formation of arthritis, tophi or renal lithiasis. Previously, the presence of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has been associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To determine the association of complex coronary artery disease in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. Material and methods: An observational retrospective, transversal, unicentric study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mexico, in the period from June 2017 to March 2019. All patients admitted for coronary angiography were included; patients with gout, use of diuretics and chronic kidney disease were excluded. Results: During the study period, a total of 300 patients were collected, of which 40% presented hyperuricaemia. The patients with hyperuricaemia were older (59 vs. 63, P = .002). The group of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia had a higher proportion of complex coronary lesions (64 vs. 35%, P ≤ .0001) as well as a higher SYNTAX I score (27 vs. 17, P ≤ .001). There was a higher probability of presenting complex coronary lesions in this group of patients (OR 3.4, P ≤ .0001). In addition, in the group division of uric acid levels, it was related to the presence of complex coronary lesions (Q1 = .5, P = .06), (Q2 = 2, P = .01) and (Q3 = 3, P ≤ .0001). Conclusion: Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has a higher prevalence and association of presenting complex coronary lesions.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Hiperuricemia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Ácido Úrico , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Angiografia Coronária , Reumatologia , Doenças Reumáticas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , México
2.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 17(2): 74-81, Feb 2021. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211804

RESUMO

Antecedentes: En los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) la disfunción diastólica del ventrículo izquierdo (DDVI) puede ser la única manifestación de involucro cardiaco anticipando una disfunción sistólica. Se ha visto que la deformación miocárdica de la aurícula izquierda (AI), mediante el strain longitudinal global de la AI (SLGAI), puede llegar a ser de utilidad en valorar la función diastólica. Objetivo: Evaluar la función de la AI mediante la deformación miocárdica en pacientes con LES. Comparar el strain de la AI en pacientes con LES activos, inactivos y controles. Métodos: Se incluyeron 50 pacientes con LES y se compararon con controles sanos pareados por edad y sexo. Se midió por ecocardiograma transtorácico la deformación miocárdica mediante el SLGAI, el strain de las 3 fases del ciclo de la AI y la tasa de strain. La diferencia entre los grupos se analizó de forma univariante. Resultados: El SLGAI en pacientes con LES fue menor que en los controles sanos (41,6% vs. 50,5%; p=0,02), así como también fue menor en las 3 fases del ciclo de la AI. No hubo diferencias en la tasa de strain en ambos grupos (LES 2,5s−1 vs. controles sanos 2,75s−1; p=0,1). También se encontró que el SLGAI fue menor en pacientes activos en comparación con controles e inactivos. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con LES tienen menor deformación miocárdica de la AI, lo que se expresa como una menor función diastólica correlacionando con daño miocárdico subclínico precoz.(AU)


Background: In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) may be the only manifestation of cardiac involvement in anticipation of systolic dysfunction. It has been seen that myocardial deformation of the left atrium (LA), through the LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS), may be useful in assessing diastolic function. Objective: To evaluate LA function through myocardial deformation in patients with LES, and compare the LA strain in patients with active, inactive and controls. Methods: Fifty patients with SLE were included and compared with 50 healthy controls paired by age and gender. Myocardial deformation was measured by transthoracic echocardiogram, to investigate the LAGLS, the strain of the three phases of the LA cycle and the strain rate. The differences between groups were compared in univariate analysis. Results: LAGLS in SLE patients was less than in the controls (41.6% vs. 50.5%; p=.02), and in the 3 phases of the LA cycle. There were no differences in the LA strain rate in both groups (SLE 2.5s−1 vs. controls 2.75s−1; p=.1). It was also found that the LAGLS was lesser in active patients than controls and inactive. Conclusions: SLE patients have lower myocardial deformation of the LA, which is expressed as a lower diastolic function correlating with early subclinical myocardial damage.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Átrios do Coração , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Cardiomiopatias , Diástole , Sistema Cardiovascular , Doenças Autoimunes , Reumatologia , Doenças Reumáticas
3.
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 17(2): 74-81, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31080106

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) may be the only manifestation of cardiac involvement in anticipation of systolic dysfunction. It has been seen that myocardial deformation of the left atrium (LA), through the LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS), may be useful in assessing diastolic function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate LA function through myocardial deformation in patients with LES, and compare the LA strain in patients with active, inactive and controls. METHODS: Fifty patients with SLE were included and compared with 50 healthy controls paired by age and gender. Myocardial deformation was measured by transthoracic echocardiogram, to investigate the LAGLS, the strain of the three phases of the LA cycle and the strain rate. The differences between groups were compared in univariate analysis. RESULTS: LAGLS in SLE patients was less than in the controls (41.6% vs. 50.5%; p=.02), and in the 3 phases of the LA cycle. There were no differences in the LA strain rate in both groups (SLE 2.5s-1 vs. controls 2.75s-1; p=.1). It was also found that the LAGLS was lesser in active patients than controls and inactive. CONCLUSIONS: SLE patients have lower myocardial deformation of the LA, which is expressed as a lower diastolic function correlating with early subclinical myocardial damage.

4.
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 17(5): 263-267, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31707094

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Uric acid has been related to a tendency to precipitate to form crystals, presenting asymptomatically, until the formation of arthritis, tophi or renal lithiasis. Previously, the presence of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has been associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association of complex coronary artery disease in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational retrospective, transversal, unicentric study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mexico, in the period from June 2017 to March 2019. All patients admitted for coronary angiography were included; patients with gout, use of diuretics and chronic kidney disease were excluded. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 300 patients were collected, of which 40% presented hyperuricaemia. The patients with hyperuricaemia were older (59 vs. 63, P = .002). The group of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia had a higher proportion of complex coronary lesions (64 vs. 35%, P ≤ .0001) as well as a higher SYNTAX I score (27 vs. 17, P ≤ .001). There was a higher probability of presenting complex coronary lesions in this group of patients (OR 3.4, P ≤ .0001). In addition, in the group division of uric acid levels, it was related to the presence of complex coronary lesions (Q1 = .5, P = .06), (Q2 = 2, P = .01) and (Q3 = 3, P ≤ .0001). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has a higher prevalence and association of presenting complex coronary lesions.

5.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 29(2): 98-101, Apr.-Jun. 2018. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020707

RESUMO

Abstract: A 67-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction secondary to severe mitral regurgitation in treatment with metoprolol, spironolactone, and digoxin. She was diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) because of the presence of arthritis, alopecia, thrombocytopenia, direct positive Coombs +++, positive ANAs 1:1,280 and positive lupus anticoagulant. The rheumatology service indicated hydroxychloroquine 200 mg every 24 hours. She presented atrial fibrillation, and amiodarone was initiated. Two weeks later the patient was admitted because of presyncope, electrocardiogram showed sinus bradycardia with long QT interval. A temporary pacemaker was placed, and hydroxychloroquine and amiodarone suspended. Twenty-four hours later, a new electrocardiogram was taken showing pacemaker rhythm with reduction of the QT interval. After 72 hours the temporary pacemaker was removed and on the fifth day the patient was discharged with an electrocardiogram in sinus rhythm with a corrected QT (Bazett) of 456 miliseconds. The hydroxychloroquine was reinitiated following discharge. She presented another episode of atrial fibrillation, and was treated with amiodarone, hydroxychloroquine was suspended previously, and she did not present prolongation of QT interval. The long QT syndrome was present when amiodarone and hydroxychloroquine interacted.(AU)


Resumen: Paciente femenina de 67 años, con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de expulsión preservada, secundaria a insuficiencia mitral severa, en tratamiento con metoprolol, espironolactona y digoxina. Le fue diagnosticado lupus eritematoso sistémico, debido a la presencia de artritis, alopecia, trombocitopenia, Coombs directo positivo +++, anticuerpos antinucleares positivos 1:1,280 y anticoagulante lúpico positivo. El Servicio de Reumatología indicó hidroxicloroquina 200 mg cada 24 horas. Presentó fibrilación auricular, por lo que se le inició amiodarona. Dos semanas posteriores la paciente es ingresada debido a un episodio de presíncope, se le realizó electrocardiograma que demostró bradicardia sinusal con un intervalo QT prolongado. Se le colocó un marcapasos temporal, además de que se suspendió hidroxicloroquina y amiodarona. Después de 72 horas se retiró el marcapasos, y al quinto día se egresó con un electrocardiograma en ritmo sinusal con el intervalo QT corregido por Bazett de 456 milisegundos. La hidroxicloroquina fue reiniciada al egreso. La paciente presentó otro episodio de fibrilación auricular y fue tratada con amiodarona, previa suspensión de hidroxicloroquina, sin presentar prolongación del intervalo QT. El síndrome de QT largo sólo se presentó con la interacción de amiodarona con hidroxicloroquina.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Síndrome do QT Longo/complicações , Amiodarona/efeitos adversos , Hidroxicloroquina/efeitos adversos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico
6.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 55(5): 654-659, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29193949

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium, producing exotoxins, causing potentially fatal nosocomial diarrhea. They have recently reported outbreaks of C. difficile ribotype 027, which is characterized by a hypervirulent strain and high resistance to standard therapy. CLINICAL CASE: We present three cases of Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/BI associated infection, they were presented with different clinical manifestations. Two of the patients were successfully treated with the combination of vancomycin plus tigecycline. The other case was treated with fecal microbiota transplant, with resolution of the disease. CONCLUSION: in patients with Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/BI associated infection is a good therapeutic option to consider the use of tigecycline in conjunction with vancomycin, as well as fecal microbiota transplantation.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Clostridium difficile es una bacteria formadora de esporas, productoras de exotoxinas, causante de diarrea nosocomial potencialmente mortal. En fechas recientes se han reportado brotes de C. difficile ribotipo 027, la cual se caracteriza por ser una cepa hipervirulenta y de gran resistencia al tratamiento habitual. CASO CLÍNICO: presentamos tres casos que fueron diagnosticados con Clostridium difficile cepa NAP1/027/BI, los cuales cursaron con diferentes cuadros clínicos. Dos de los pacientes fueron tratados exitosamente con la combinación de vancomicina más tigeciclina. El otro caso fue tratado con trasplante de microbiota fecal, con resolución de la enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: en pacientes con infección asociada a Clostridium difficile cepa NAP1/027/BI, es una buena opción terapéutica el considerar el uso de tigeciclina en conjunto con vancomicina, así como el trasplante de microbiota fecal.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Clostridioides difficile/classificação , Infecções por Clostridium/terapia , Transplante de Microbiota Fecal , Minociclina/análogos & derivados , Vancomicina/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Clostridioides difficile/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Clostridium/diagnóstico , Infecções por Clostridium/microbiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Minociclina/uso terapêutico , Naftalenos , Oligopeptídeos , Ribotipagem , Tigeciclina
7.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 28(3): 124-129, Jul.-Sep. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-961303

RESUMO

Abstract: Introduction: Octogenarian patients are usually excluded from studies in which the effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is compared. Objective: Our aim is to compare this procedure among octogenarians and those younger; in addition to comparing the radial access (RA) and femoral access (FA) in patients older than 80 years. Material and methods: This is a retrospective, observational, comparative, longitudinal, single-center study. Patients who have been referred for PCI, from 2010 to 2016 in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico were included. The groups were divided into the octogenarians group (OG) and a group of younger than 80 years (YG). Results: A total of 1,282 patients were collected, of whom 92 were of the OG and 1,190 were of the YG. The FA was the most used. Similar levels of radiation time (RT), radiation dose (DR), and amount of administered contrast medium (CM), vascular complications (VC) and mortality between the two groups were found. However, the OG had more length of hospital stay (LHS). Comparing the FA against RA in the OG there were no differences in RT, RD, amount of CM, VC, death and LHS. Conclusion: The results are similar between the two groups, with a greater tendency to more LHS in the OG. There were not significant differences between the RA and FA in the OG, except that LHS in the FA.


Resumen: Introducción: Los pacientes octogenarios son usualmente excluidos de los estudios en los cuales se compara la efectividad de las intervenciones coronarias percutáneas. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es comparar este procedimiento entre los pacientes octogenarios y aquéllos más jóvenes; además se compara el abordaje radial y el abordaje femoral en los pacientes octogenarios. Material y métodos: Éste es un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, comparativo, longitudinal, unicéntrico. Se realizó con aquellos pacientes que se refirieron para realización de un intervencionismo coronario percutáneo, en Monterrey, Nuevo León, México del 2010 al 2016. Los grupos se dividieron en el grupo de pacientes octogenarios y el grupo de pacientes menores de 80 años. Resultados: Se recabó un total de 1,282 pacientes, de los cuales 92 eran pacientes octogenarios, mientras que 1,190 fueron más jóvenes. En ambos el abordaje femoral fue el más utilizado. Se encontraron valores similares de dosis de radiación, tiempo de radiación, cantidad de contraste administrado, complicaciones vasculares y mortalidad entre los dos grupos. Sin embargo, los pacientes octogenarios tuvieron más días de estancia hospitalaria. Al comparar el abordaje femoral y el radial en octogenarios no se encontraron diferencias en dosis de radiación, tiempo de radiación, cantidad de medio de contraste, complicaciones vasculares, muerte y días de estancia hospitalaria. Conclusiones: Los resultados fueron similares entre ambos grupos de edad, con una mayor tendencia de estancia hospitalaria en octogenarios. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos abordajes en pacientes octogenarios, a excepción de mayores días de estancia hospitalaria en el abordaje femoral.

8.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 27(2): 64-70, Apr.-Jun. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-830575

RESUMO

Abstract: Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is defined as the impairment of renal function and is measured as either a 25% increase in serum creatinine (SCr) from baseline or 0.5 mg/dL increase in absolute value, within 48-72 hours of intravenous contrast administration. Objectives: Objectives were to calculate incidence of CIN and to describe the clinical and periprocedural risk factors for patients receiving contrast media. Secondary objective was to compare mortality between group 1 and group 2. Material and methods: In a retrospective, observational, descriptive cohort study, patients who were admitted to the hospital for diagnostic and/or therapeutic coronary angiography between January 2014 to September 2015, the serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prior to angiography and 72 hours later was measured. Results: 70 patients were included, of which 14.2% developed CIN. The leading risk factors for developing AKI were: age > 65 years (OR 12.6, CI95 1.6-105.9, p = 0.03); the presence of anemia (OR 7.5, CI95 1.8-31.2, p = 0.006); and procedural time more than 90 minutes (OR 16, CI95 3.1-85.3, p = 0.001). Higher mortality was observed in the NIC group (30% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The incidence is higher than in the literature review. The leading associated risk factors were age > 65, anemia and procedural time > 90 minutes. The development of CIN carries a higher mortality.


Resumen: Introducción: Se define como nefropatía inducida por medio de contraste (NIC) a un aumento absoluto de la creatinina sérica mayor a 0.5 mg/dL o un aumento relativo de la creatinina sérica mayor al 25%, 48-72 horas posteriores a la exposición al medio de contraste en comparación con los niveles previos después de haber excluido otras causas de lesión renal aguda (LRA). Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de NIC y analizar los factores de riesgo asociados en los pacientes que desarrollaron LRA posterior a un procedimiento de angiografía coronaria. Se determinó mortalidad entre ambos grupos como objetivo secundario. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes, observacional, descriptivo y retroelectivo. Se analizaron los pacientes que ingresaron en enero de 2014 a septiembre de 2015, para angiografía coronaria diagnostica y/o terapéutica. Se determinó la creatinina sérica y tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) previa a la angiografía y 72 horas; además se identificaron los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de NIC. Resultados: Se incluyeron 70 pacientes, de los cuales 14.2% desarrollaron NIC. Los factores de riesgo predictores más importantes para desarrollar FRA fueron la edad > 65 años (OR 12.6; IC95 1.6-105.9, p = 0.03); la presencia de anemia (OR 7.5; IC95 1.8-31.2, p = 0.006); y una duración de procedimiento mayor a 90 minutos (OR 16; IC95 3.1-85.3, p = 0.001). Se observó mayor mortalidad en el grupo NIC (30 versus 1.6%, p = 0.004). Conclusiones: La incidencia reportada es mayor que la literatura. Los factores de riesgo asociados más importantes fueron la edad > 65, anemia y procedimiento > 90 minutos. El desarrollo de NIC conlleva una mayor mortalidad.

9.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 27(1): 44-49, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-782713

RESUMO

Introduction: Heart failure remains a highly frequent cause of hospitalization; with a high morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the 30-day in hospital survival of patients treated with Levosimendan vs. Dobutamine in acute decompensated heart failure. Secondary aims will be to compare the measurement of LVEF before and after inotropic and length of hospital stay. Material and methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective study. All adult patients were admitted to the Hospital Christus Muguerza Alta Especialidad, with acute decompensated heart failure diagnosis and have required inotropic support in the period January 2013 to September 2015 were collected. Results: 83 patients were included, however only 38 met the inclusion criteria. Of the 38 patients 20 (53%) were prescribed levosimendan and 18 (47%) dobutamine. The average age in both groups was 62.2 years (± 15.6) of levosimendan versus dobutamine 78.8 years (± 10.6) (p = 0.0005). Survival at 30 days was 100% in levosimendan versus 77.8% in dobutamine (p = 0.0274). In days of hospital stay it was 9.3 days (± 5.1) levosimendan and 13.8 days (± 6.5) in dobutamine (p = 0.02). postinotropic LVEF change was 18.3% (± 6.2) levosimendan versus 18.7% (± 9.9) dobutamine (p = 0.88). Conclusions: The use of dobutamine leads to a lower survival to 30 days, in addition to longer hospital stay. However no difference in LVEF values ​​at admission or inotropic post.


Introducción: La insuficiencia cardiaca agudizada continúa siendo una causa altamente frecuente de hospitalización con una gran morbimortalidad. Objetivos: El objetivo primario es comparar la sobrevida a 30 días de los pacientes tratados con levosimendán versus dobutamina en insuficiencia cardiaca agudizada. Como objetivo secundario será comparar la determinación de la FEVI pre- y post-inotrópico y días de estancia hospitalaria. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se recabaron todos los pacientes adultos que hayan ingresado en el Hospital Christus Muguerza Alta Especialidad, con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardiaca agudizada y que hayan requerido el apoyo de inotrópicos, en el periodo comprendido de enero de 2013 a septiembre de 2015. Resultados: Se documentaron 83 pacientes con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardiaca agudizada, de los cuales sólo 38 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. De los 38 pacientes a 20 (53%) se les indicó levosimendán y a 18 (47%) dobutamina. La media de edad en ambos grupos fue de 62.2 años (±15.6) de levosimendán versus 78.8 años de dobutamina (±10.6) (p = 0.0005). La supervivencia a 30 días fue de 77.8% en dobutamina versus 100% levosimendán (p = 0.0274). En días de estancia hospitalaria fue de 9.3 días (± 5.1) en levosimendán y de 13.8 días (± 6.5) en dobutamina (p = 0.02). El cambio FEVI postinotrópico fue de 18.3% (± 6.2) levosimendán versus 18.7% (± 9.9) dobutamina (p = 0.88). Conclusiones: El uso de Dobutamina conlleva a una menor sobrevida a 30 días, además de tener mayor estancia hospitalaria. Sin embargo no hay diferencia en los valores de FEVI al ingreso ni postinotrópico.

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